Condition Overview Hamstring tendinopathy describes a degenerative, overload-related condition affecting the hamstring tendon complex—most frequently the proximal hamstring tendon where it anchors to the ischial tuberosity. Unlike an acute hamstring...

Piriformis Syndrome: Overview and Evidence Summary Condition Overview Piriformis syndrome refers to irritation or compression of the sciatic nerve as it passes beneath, through, or occasionally above the piriformis muscle...

Iliopsoas Tendinopathy: Overview and Evidence Summary Condition Overview Iliopsoas tendinopathy refers to irritation, degeneration, or overload of the iliopsoas tendon as it crosses the anterior hip. Because of its deep...

Whiplash-Associated Disorder (WAD): Overview and Evidence Summary Condition Overview Whiplash-associated disorder (WAD) refers to the range of symptoms that develop following an acceleration–deceleration injury to the neck. The classic mechanism...

Condition Overview A herniated lumbar disc occurs when part of the intervertebral disc’s nucleus pulposus pushes through a weakened or torn annulus fibrosus, often compressing or chemically irritating nearby nerve...

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Overview and Evidence Summary Condition Overview Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) is an umbrella term describing a group of conditions in which the neurovascular structures that pass from...

Wrist Sprain: Overview and Evidence Summary Condition Overview A wrist sprain refers to an overstretching or tearing of one or more of the ligaments that stabilise the carpal bones and...

De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis: Overview and Evidence Summary Condition Overview De Quervain’s tenosynovitis is an overuse-related inflammatory and mechanical irritation of the tendons that travel through the first dorsal compartment of...

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Overview and Evidence Summary Condition Overview Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a compressive neuropathy of the median nerve as it travels through the carpal tunnel—a narrow passageway...

Deltoid Strain: Overview and Evidence Summary Condition Overview A deltoid strain refers to an injury of the deltoid muscle fibres, typically resulting from sudden overload, eccentric stress, or repetitive high-intensity...

Medial Epicondylalgia (Golfer’s Elbow): Overview and Evidence Summary Condition Overview Medial epicondylalgia—commonly known as golfer’s elbow—is a tendinopathy affecting the flexor–pronator muscle group where it attaches to the medial epicondyle...

Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL) Injury: Overview and Evidence Summary Condition Overview Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL) injury—sometimes referred to as “pitcher’s elbow”—is a destabilizing injury to the primary ligament complex on...